The Scarlet Ibis Essay Example

The Scarlet Ibis Paper Who is Your Something? If you think back to your earliest memories, who do you recall being your main caregiver? Most people would remember a feminine figure, whether it be your mother, grandmother or another female relative. Commonly, females take responsibility over young children. In some cases though, a male in the family will take over this nurturing position, much like in The Scarlet Ibis by James Hurst, in which a young boy decides to help his disabled brother learn to walk. In the text, the reader discovers that males are able to take accessibility for a kid when a female chooses not to and leave the child the same as if a woman were to raise it. William Armstrong, more casually known as Doodle, was born very weak and was subsequently abandoned by his parents, especially his mother. After he was born, his aunt was convinced that he would live, however the first few years of his life were spent lying in a bed with minimal social interaction. Doodle ;s mother did not stimulate him and help him develop like she did with her other son because she had no hope for him. We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Ibis specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Ibis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Scarlet Ibis specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In her mind he was destined to live a life of solitude in a vegetative state. Only an impeccably well timed peek by his brother rescued Doodle from his prison. According to his brother, It seemed so hopeless that its a miracle I didnt give up. But all of us must have something to be proud of, and Doodle had become my something. Over the course of his time with Doodle, Brother filled a crucial hole. He not only took over the role of Mother, but he was also Doodle ;s first teacher and role model. With the constant, take Doodle with you, he plopped into a nurturing and encouraging force, all the while maintaining a healthy sibling rivalry. Some may say that because of the lack of a feminine figure Brother was forced to compensate and provide for his sibling. The true reason the mother neglected to provide for her son is not clear in the text. It could be that because he was sure to die young, she did not want to attach herself to him. In the beginning of the story when Doodle was very sick, he was constantly compared to other things such as a worn out doll and a half-empty flour sack. The family looked at him as though he was inanimate; therefore it would be much easier to let him go, as opposed to someone they had had an emotional connection with. The thought of losing a child was too much for Doodle s mother to bear, and consequently she subconsciously chose to treat him as if he were not a child at all, resulting in Brother having to repair the shattered pieces of Doodle s early life. Even though the brother took full responsibility for Doodle, he was not always selfless. We can infer that the mother was not completely involved in his bringing either, despite his lack of disability. By allowing him to go off on his own, his mother was avoiding spending time and making important memories with him. Through Doodle, the brother was attempting to earn some recognition. In his mind, he taught Doodle to walk and he should get credit for it. Going back to the line But all of us must have something to be proud of, and Doodle had become my something, opens a new door into the brother ;s way of thinking. He was hoping to become his mother ;s something by giving back the child she never truly got to have. The brother was the only one who had hope in Doodle, most likely because he didnt truly understand the circumstances of Doodle ; s birth. He wanted so desperately for his little brother to be like every other boy. He pushed himself and Doodle to succeed while his parents were distracted with trying to forget their second son. Think back to your earliest memory. Just because someone that took care of you was female, doesnt mean they acted as a feminine figure in your upbringing. Because the mother neglected to have hope in Doodle, Brother eve him a new lease on life and acted as his mother figure. No matter your gender We all have a need, whether we are aware of it or not, to care and nurture for young children. While Brother thought he took over because of personal pride, the reality was that his internal instincts were kicking in. We all feel like we must have a something. When all others have lost hope there will be another person to take over to ensure our species survival by raising the new generation. We all feel like we must have a something to care for.

Phillis Wheatley Essay Example

Phillis Wheatley Essay Example Phillis Wheatley Essay Phillis Wheatley Essay Her use of personification, symbolism, metonymy, metaphor, and charged words amplify her purpose to write the poem, which is to praise General George Washington and set forth A America as a strong, resilient nation. Whitley uses the personification of nature and biblical source sees to create an aura of heavenly guidance in favor of America. This helped emphasize the fact that America had God on their side and that Britain should retreat quickly due to America referent d sire for freedom. Freedoms cause is the central theme of the poem, including the struggle of the colonists to be free from England, even if it meant going to war against the m re powerful British The author uses personification to convey her message throughout the poem, that message being that America should be feared and that Washington is a magna efficient general who will protect and emancipate the colonies from Britain. For example, in paragraph app one, Whitley states that nations gaze at scenes before unknown! The phrase nations Gaza e is a form of personification which refers to the nations watching the war unfold before the me. The world hopes to see America be the victor. This statement would also be a form of metonymy my, by replacing the served people with nations. In lines 14, Whitley introduces Columbia, the goddess of liberty a personification of America. In lines 2934, Whitley cites the F-ranch and India an War as proof of what Columbians fury can do as a warning to the British. Whitley also refer renders Britannic, which is Great Britain personified as a goddess. Another example of personifies action would be when Whitley states, Astonished ocean feels, the wild uproar, the referent s urges beat the sounding shore. The personification of the ocean being able to feel and create Ins an uproar IS oppose to express the feelings of the impatient colonists waiting in anticipate on for their freedom. Wattles use of specific charged words amplifies the desire of free doom the colonists were pursuing. Also, to persuade Washington to fight, Whitley compares the strength Of the American army to when Lulus heav ens fair face deforms, basically saying the at Americas army was as strong as God. Whitley also uses symbolism to help visually describe America as being a heavenwards race. When she states, The goddess comes, she moves diva inanely fair. Olive ND laurel binds her golden hair. Wherever shines this native of the skies, nun numbered charms and recent graces arise, Whitley is symbolizing the goddess as America, bi need by peace and victory. Wherever and whatever happens with America, they are protect d by God. Whitley uses biblical and mythological references to connect Americas resilience to the e word of God. This is helpful towards her purpose behind the essay because it reinforces he r opinion that America is protected by God. She says in line thirty of To His Excellency Gene oral Washington hat, When Gaelic powers Columbians fury found, which refers to the America n victory over the French in the French and Indian War as a threat to Britain that if they resist theyll have the same fate. Whitley also writes this poem in heroic couplet, where rhyming is made within two lines, as in the last words Of the second Stanza lines: fair and hair, skies a ND rise. As well as the rhyming couplets, Whitley uses a similar amount of syllables for ever y line-?most of the lines consisting of ten syllables. Finally, near the end of To His Excellency Gene oral Washington Whitley uses trope to indirectly threaten Great Britain for attempting to pop press the colonies. At a time of segregation, slavery, and the fight for social change a s well as equality, the black community was in need of someone who understood how to use poetry to their advantage . Phillips Whitley is roundly considered to follow the neoclassical style of Alexander Pope, an early strengtheners poet highly regarded in Whitley s era. She borrowed images from the neoclassical style easily, such as realms of light, astonish d ocean, and Autumns golden reign. Whitley also includes references to Greek myth holy in her verse-?the goddess of Freedom, muses and celestial choirs, Lulus, the god o f wind. Whitley used poetic devices in order to enhance her poetry just as any outstanding pop et would. Her work shows how hyperbole, symbolism, metaphor, simile, and other poetic devices are key in writing powerful, effective poetry. In conclusion, Whitley expresses the desire for freedom of the Aimer can people through different forms of literary devices.

Chicago Loangitudinal Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chicago Loangitudinal Study - Essay Example The study can be termed as a prospective cohort study for the simple reason that study was followed up over a period of time for the children with the similar demographic characteristics. Their educational and psychosocial outcomes were observed with input of certain programs and policy intervention schemes. The study did inform that higher participation in the child-Parent center program resulted into higher level of school achievement, higher parent participation, and lower rates of school dropout and so on. Programs and policy interventions were used as manipulative or independent variables to measure its impact on behavior and psychosocial outcome along with children’s increasing capacity to lessen their learning difficulties. Family, school-related many individual factors were used to measure child’s development, their social behavior patterns along with attitudinal differences starting from the early days and then throughout the school-age years. Such intensive study was never conducted ever before in the history. A great deal of information was collected and examined through class room adjustment, parent participation, special education placement. Educational expectations of all concerned especially students and parents were also understood with altered programs and policy interventions as an independent variable. All children under study were born in 1980 and belonged to the same community and geographical location. So in a sense it was not only a longitudinal but a detailed cohort study giving a lot of insight on their response characteristics. Data from table 1 clearly reveals that impact of government intervention programs on children’s educational achievement was considerable, when sample characteristics of ‘CPC Preschool’ and ‘No CPC Preschool groups’ are compared in reference to the original and age 14 samples. ‘CPC Preschool’ children outsmarts ‘No CPC Preschool’ group in development

Study of a nursing theory ( choose a nursing theorist ) for use in Research Paper

Study of a nursing theory ( choose a nursing theorist ) for use in practice - Research Paper Example One such theorist is Jean Watson who developed and conceptualized the "Theory of Human Caring". According to Watson (2009), "nursing is a lifetime journey of caring and healing, seeking to understand and preserve the wholeness of human existence, and to offer compassionate, informed, knowledgeable human caring to society and humankind." In this essay, application of Watson's theory to clinical nursing practice will be exercised for better understanding of the concepts of the theory. Context of development of theory Jean Watson, an imminent theorist and nurse educator has contributed immensely to the nursing profession. Her most popular conceptualization of nursing profession is the Theory of Transpersonal Caring which is commonly known as the Theory of Human Caring. The nurse educator was born in West Virginia. She graduated from the Colarado University and completed Master's degree from the same University. Her specialty was psychiatric-mental health nursing. She did her Ph.D in cou nseling in psychology. She is currently a distinguished professor at the Colarado University. She is the founder of the Center for Human Caring located in the same city as the University she is employed at (Cara, 2003). The theory is the output of the professor's experience in the field of psychology, mental health and counseling, her specialty subjects during her post graduation and doctorate degrees. This theory emphasizes the humanistic aspect of the noble profession of nursing based on principles of scientific knowledge acquired through education, learning, research and training. Thus, this theory is very important for the profession of nursing both theoretically and practically. Watson (2009) opined that "the ability to resolve conflicts between what nursing is and what nurses supposedly do, may be the most critical challenge for the discipline and for the profession’s survival into this millennium." Watson strongly believed that resolution of conflicts at all levels of society is crucial, because; such conflicts can affect health care at any level (Cara, 2003). The theory of Human caring was brought out in 1979. According to Watson, nursing is a profession that is distinct from other health related professions. Based on this distinct nature of the profession, she defined, ascertained and opined about the distinct role of the profession in the caring for humans who are sick. Infact, this theory defined the role of nurse. According to the theory of Human Caring, nurses impart care by establishing a good relationship with the patients and also their relatives (Sitzman, 2007). Nurses have to treat patients by including all aspects of life, the mind, body and spirit and not just deal with physical ailments of the body. Thus, nurses are expected to provide holistic care to the patient. It is because of holistic care that various needs of the patient like spiritual, emotional, psychological, economical and physical needs of the patient are met. The theor y strongly upholds the fact that nurses must display acceptance towards patients and their relatives in an unconditional manner and whatever treatment is instituted is done with positivism. Nurses are expected to cause health promotion and well-being through appropriate knowledge concerning the medical condition of the patient and also through medical interventions. Above all, it is expected that

Sustainable Hospitality Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Sustainable Hospitality Management - Essay Example Under such circumstances, the 2010 Commonwealth Games to be conducted at New Delhi, just few less than 1000 days away from inaugural, considered to be pride of India, the development has started at the banks of Yamuna River, will be the biggest and most expensive sports event to ever be held in India. But is it necessary that for merely conducting 15 days of play, the livelihood of thousands of villagers living around should be disturbed and turn them into immigrants and incur them huge losses, financially, socially and psychologically. New Delhi promises to present a next biggest stadium in the world, which will host the games and accommodation for participating players in the mega event for 15 days, but at the cost of poor indigenous peoples. As per the Brundtland Commission, "sustainability is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs".1 Sustainable development is an assorted concept, as a wide array of views fall under its umbrella. The concept has included notions of weak sustainability, strong sustainability and deep ecology. Different conceptions also reveal a strong tension between ecocentrism and anthropocentrism. One of the first and most oft-cited definitions of sustainability, and almost certainly the one that will survive for posterity, is the one created by the Brundtland Commission, led by the former Norwegian Prime Minister Gro Harlem Brundtland. The Commission defined sustainable development as development that "meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs."2The Brundtland definition thus implicitly argues for the rights of future generations to raw materials and vital ecosystem services to be taken into account in decision making. People talked about living conditions, resources, population pressures, international trade, education, and health. Environmental issues were related to all of these, but there was no hard and fast division separating environmental issues, social and economic issues. All the problems were intertwined. There were links among the environment, the economy and society that caused problems in one of these areas to affect the other areas. Sustainable development does not focus solely on environmental issues. More broadly, sustainable development policies encompass three general policy areas: economic sustainability, environmental sustainability and social sustainability as mentioned in the diagram below at figure 1. In support of this, several United Nations texts, most recently the 2005 World Summit Outcome Document, refer to the "interdependent and mutually reinforcing pillars" of sustainable development as economic development, social development, and environmental protection. Figure 1: Scheme of sustainable development: at the confluence of three constituent parts The Indian capital New Delhi gets ready to host the mega single event of Commonwealth Games in 2010 for the first time. The Government of New Delhi has implemented a strategy to construct a 'New Delhi Games Village" just for hosting 2010 Commonwealth Games. It is definitely a pride issue for all the Indians,

History and description of Coca Cola

History and description of Coca Cola Coca Colas history can be traced back to a man called Asa Candler, who bought a specific formula from a pharmacist named Smith Pemberton. Two years later, Asa founded his business and started production of soft drinks based on the formula he had bought. From then, the company grew to become the biggest producers of soft drinks with more than five hundred brands sold and consumed in more than two hundred nations worldwide. Although the company is said to be the biggest bottler of soft drinks, they do not bottle much. Instead, Coca Cola Company manufactures a syrup concentrate, which is bought by bottlers all over the world. This distribution system ensures the soft drink is bottled by these smaller firms according to the companys standards and guidelines. Although this franchised method of distribution is the primary method of distribution, the mother company has a key bottler in America, Coca Cola Refreshments. In addition to soft drinks, which are Coca Colas main products, the company also produces diet soft drinks. These are variations of the original soft drinks with improvements in nutritional value, and reductions in sugar content. Saccharin replaced industrial sugar in 1963 so that the drinks could appeal to health-conscious consumers. A major cause for concern was the inter product competition which saw some sales dwindle in some products in favor of others. Coca Cola started diversifying its products during the First World War when Fanta was introduced. During World War 1, the heads of Coca Cola in Nazi Germany decided to establish a new soft drink into the market. During the ongoing war, Americas promotion in Germany was not acceptable. Therefore, he decided to use a new name and Fanta was born. The creation was successful and production continued even after the war. Sprite followed soon after. In the 1990s, health concerns among consumers of soft drinks forced their manufactures to consider altering the energy content of these products. Minute Maid Juices, PowerAde sports drinks, and a few flavored teas variants were Coca Colas initial reactions to this new interest. Although most of these new products were well received, some did not perform as well. An example of such was Coca Cola classic, dubbed C2. Coca Cola Company has been a successful company for more than a century. This can be attributed partly to the nature of its products since soft drinks will always appeal to people. In addition to this, Coca Cola has one of the best commercial and public relations programs in the world. The companys products can be found on adverts in virtually every corner of the globe. This success has led to its support for a wide range of sporting activities. Soccer, baseball, ice hockey, athletics and basketball are some of these sports, where Coca Cola is involved (Bell, 2004). The company is listed in the New York Stock Exchange, the SP 500 index and the Russell 1000 Growth Stock Index. As of 2010, company had an operating income of more than 8 billion US dollars with an asset base worth more than 72 billion US dollars. The current chair and chief executive is Muhtar Kent. This is particularly impressive for a company, which spends millions annually on lobbying and related expenses. Competition between Coca Cola and its rival, PepsiCo has always been an exciting affair. In 2008, PepsiCo acquired the majority share of a leading Russian juice company called Lebedyansky, securing a firm foothold in the vast region. A year later, Coca Cola responded by purchasing Russias largest juice maker, Nidan Soki, a move which reduced PepsiCos influence in the region. While some saw Coca Colas action as retaliation, analysts viewed it as a way to compete (Ilya Plakhinas). Russia being a vast country with many people, presents a potentially lucrative market to anyone who secures the firmest foothold, which is essentially what both companies attempt to do. President of the region, Ahmet Bozer, summarized his companys actions as a commitment to direct more investment in Russia. Bozers comments are reflected by the fact that Coca Colas investment in Russia exceeds 2 billion US dollars, distributed over two decades of commitment to this lucrative market. One billion US dollars was earmarked for the same market as Coca Cola strives to introduce more investment in Russia and the Eurasian market. Before the transaction was finalized, Nidans projected earnings before taxation and amortization was about 45 million US dollars. For a company as large as Coca Cola to invest in a company this size, the net benefits must have been identified as essential. This is the case since the small business represents Coca Colas entry into the Russian market. So faithful was Coca Cola in the potential of Russia that, they even to choose to pay off Nidans debts. 1.2 Problems facing Coca Cola It being a producer of soft brinks and associated beverages, Coca Cola has always had the issue of environmental pollution and sustainability through recycling as areas of concern. This prompted it to take the unusual initiative of requesting retailers to return the unique recyclable racks provided along with stocks. Earlier on, the company had started a program where retailers were provided with unique cardboard racks for use exclusively with Coca Cola products. The company identified the need to create such a program in order to establish synergy between Coca Cola and its distributors. The issue of environmental degradation has been one of considerable concern for the Coca Cola Company for a long time. This is due to nature of its main products, which require attractive yet disposable packaging. While the company deviated from using glass as its original packaging material in favor of aluminum and plastics, these present the problem of pollution. The concern for preserving our environment has become a significant factor even among potential customers considering buying or not. The Hartman Group in the United States researched on this and concluded 70 percent of potential buyers consider sustainability. With this in mind, companies like Coca Cola have come up with initiatives to ensure they portray this concern for our environment as they go about their business activities (Foust 2006). While Coca Cola works with retailers in United States, consumers have not been left out. The company started a recycling program for their soda can which saw the companies recycle over 700million kilograms of aluminum cans in 2010. In addition to the tremendous savings incurred, the company is recognized for its concern for the environment. This boosts a companys image since concerns about pollution are wide spread among consumers of these products manufactured by companies like Coca Cola. While companies like Coca Cola are always associated with positive results and things, sometimes they face scandals and libels, which undermine their name and alter their representation in society. Coca Cola has had its fair share of these, and although most have been fought off and settled amicably, it is difficult to pin point the culprit in any of them. It is however worth noting that Coca Cola Company is a large multinational, and will usually do anything possible to survive as has been demonstrated many a times. In 2006 and 2007, Coca Cola faced harsh action in the form of demonstrations in some university campuses due to allegations that it had facilitated the murder of eight employees in Colombia, and the unjust jailing of scores more on nonexistent charges. Trade union legend Ray Rogers started this wave of campus boycotts with a view to calling for justice. His actions led to the banning of Coca Cola products in some universities and demonstrations in others. While these actions seem to have noble intentions, the company suffered unfavorable publicity, and a tarnished reputation, which though negligible in fiscal terms, have a long-lasting effect on image. 1.3 Coca Colas PR Strategy In terms of public relations, Coca Cola has several opportunities. The first, and perhaps most notable, is global warming and environmental degradation. Bottled products account for a big portion of the effects of pollution since they are products, which require heavy industrial involvement in production. The recent moves by this great company to reduce its contribution to global warming have been received with admiration. This is because one cannot help but appreciate the concern for our environment from a company that operates more than two hundred thousand diesel vehicles in America alone. Rapid response to inquiries and public concern are an opportunity for Coca Cola to improve its public relations strategy. Since the company will always face scandalous investigations and accusations, handling these issues in a timely fashion, and prudently will assist in their amicable settlement. Two such cases in which the company handled things in this fashion are that of poison Coke in Belgium, and the Indian bottling plant that polluted water in Plachimada, Kerali. Sustainability presents another avenue in which Coca Cola can improve its public relations strategy. Since most consumers have been found to consider the sustainability of a products manufacturer in their production processes, Coca Cola has taken advantage of this and started numerous programs aimed at increasing recycling. The fact that most of these organizations derive their raw materials from our planet is a cause for concern. With this in mind, Coca Cola should adopt even more measures to reduce their reliance on natural resources. Coca Cola Companys overall public strategy is based on creating a source of enjoyable yet safe, distinct and pleasant tasting drinks which appeal to all people regardless of age, gender, locality and affiliation. They have been successful in some respects at achieving this, but more needs to be done to address the issues of consumer perception of Coca Cola products and their impact on health. This has somewhat remained a gray area in its strife to remain significant to the health conscious who make up most of todays consumer market. Coca Colas strategy in news media relations is geared towards the adoption of more friendly relations so that in times of crisis, these media houses take time to assess the credibility of any information they might come across before announcement. Since this is a successful company, many are the times that scandals will be presented to news media organizations for announcement and dissemination. It would be in the companys best interest to create a favorable rapport with media houses. In addition, they are the same people Coca Cola uses in advertisement. The target audiences are all potential consumers and existing ones with the channels used being television, videos, pictures and the Internet. Coca Cola Companys strategy for community relations is directed at creating a lasting relationship with the people who also form the consumer base of the company. The company aspires to ensure these communities feel cared for in all relevant aspects in this relationship, starting from quality of products, their integrity and safety and their overall impact on the nature as outlined in its mission to conserve the environment. In doing this, media has been used since there is no specific target in matters concerning our environment. Concerning the companys public relations strategy on government relations, Coca Cola strives to work more closely with the existing authorities of all markets and their governments in order to ensure there is beneficial coexistence. The implementation of such entails advertisements tailor made to lubricate relations between Coca Cola and the governments of these specific areas. In crisis management, Coca Cola needs to do a lot more since there are many instances where the company has handled these badly. The manner in which you handle a crisis determines its outcome. In Indias case of contaminated drinks, the company acted in a terribly ignorant manner from the very start. Instead, they should have reassured the government, stakeholders and especially consumers by carrying out an open inquiry and investigating the matter openly. Indias perception of Coca Cola and its products would have been different had the management chosen to use the media to reassure all stakeholders. Coca Colas employee communication strategy is aimed at ensuring the companys most valuable assets are well catered for. This is being done by clearing all communication lines between them and management so they do not feel left out or ignored. To achieve this, company has adopted social media and other similar communication avenues. They come in the form of company forums and websites. Coca Cola can benefit immensely from forming another crisis management strategy since the current one is not working. Its effectiveness has not been identified in any of the crisis Coca Cola has found itself facing. Using an example of the incident in India, where contaminated products were discovered, the companys image would have suffered less damage had those responsible for that crisis handled it better. Instead of implementing damage control measures, they cultivated doubt in the findings and its evidence. Concerning its strategy on government relations, Coca Cola should strengthen, existing ties by avoiding the embarrassment of denial incase of any scandal. The companys relationship with the Belgian government suffered slightly as compared to that with the Indians since, in the former case, no denial was done, as was the case in the later. Instead, Coca Cola focused with reassuring its stakeholder while carrying out independent investigations and liaising with local authorities. This led to contempt between those involved and Coca Colas loss of the Indian market. In respect of what happened in Colombia, this company needs to address the issue of employee communication. When an organization has poor communication lines, external influence from extremists and rogue trade unions becomes a real threat. Although the country was undergoing civil wars, had the company invested more in ensuring proper communication, maybe no employee would have died. 1.4 PR Strategy vs. Advertising In advertising, Coca Cola uses a range of methods all designed to ensure potential customers are informed of the existence of this great product. The most widely used of these is television adverts. Since this is one of the most widely available forms of leisure, the company has invested a lot of resources to ensure that any country with a television network runs its advertisement. This is consistent with its public relations policy of educating as many of the masses as possible about its products. Print media follows television as the second most popular means of accessing information for potential consumers. With this in mind, Coca Cola has dedicated a lot of resources in ensuring its full range of products is advertised in news papers, magazines and books. This is in line with its public relations policies of availing information to as many as possible and obtaining feedback in the form of complaints and complements. The Internet is penetrating society extremely fast. This is why Coca Cola has recently resulted to using adverts within websites so that as people navigate through them, they should across these adverts. Although the Internet is yet to reach many parts of Africa, this does not mean people cannot see these advertisements. Many cell phone service providers have incorporated Internet services into their package. While this works well for the company, it can be used maliciously against the same. Here, anti-Coca Cola propagandists use this resource to spread their myths. Billboards and other forms of signage play a vital role in Coca Colas advertisement campaigns. They are a principal form of advertisement especially within towns, meaning that their message reaches many people since they are usually large and are placed at strategic positions. Their use is consistent with the companys public relations policy of reaching out to as many of its consumers using the most effective means (Kotler, 2006). Point of sale advertisements in the form of stickers and stamps are another means through which the company seeks to advertise itself. Within most stores, supermarkets and shops, Coca Cola products are visible in the distinct red color that has come to be synonymous with the drink. Other Coca Cola products are also represented in their respective colors, such as green standing for Sprite and Orange for Fanta. Promotions are another method the company utilizes to advertise itself. The most common of these is in restaurants where Coca Cola drinks are offered free with other food products the eatery serves. McDonalds offer of a free coke for every burger is an excellent example of this. In addition, it should be noted that in choosing which product to partner with, compatibility of the products involved is crucial. This is the reason why such promotions are only carried out with products of a similar nature. 1.5 Effectiveness of Coca Colas PR compared to PepsiCo. A comparison between Coca Cola Company and its greatest rival PepsiCo reveals fascinating facts about how both treat marketing. From a web-marketing standpoint, both companies obviously have decent websites but they are different in their content. While competitors copy their rivals, the two choose to do this differently. Coca Cola Companys website directs one straight to other informative links and websites. PepsiCos websites on the other hand, opens with an animation of a glass being filled with the drink. The Coca Cola website does not offer a prospective customer chances to win gifts like the PepsiCo one where one has the chance to win tickets to an American football game or a car. The two websites treat one differently since one assumes a person is looking for information while the other assumes you would be seeking information and the chance to win a gift. These differences might assist the respective companies boost their images. If one was looking for information about PepsiCo products, their search would be a bit problematic since it is biased to displaying promotional information. This is however not the case in the Coca Cola one where emphasis is given to product information as opposed to promotional services and opportunities. This clearly demonstrates a difference in the opinion between the two soft drink giants concerning information-seeking habits of consumers. While the above are differences in the two companies marketing policies focused on web marketing, similarities are also present. One is quick to notice how both have chosen bright colors in their websites. Seemingly, both companies know the importance of using catchy color schemes on websites adverts in order to attract attention and effectively advertise ones products. PepsiCo uses blue while Coca Cola chooses to stick with red. Websites can be used as information-gathering tools, and both websites exhibit knowledge of this due to the information they have on their footers relating to the total number of visitors to their websites. This also means that feedback is collected in both websites since there are contact boxes where this is collected. In addition, the companies might use these figures to plan marketing strategies. Customer relations and their management is a vital aspect to consider when advertising or marketing your products. Both PepsiCo and Coca Cola Company exhibit knowledge of this since contact aids such as email address, physical address and telephone contacts are provided. The presence of these details means both companies value their consumers and would like to hear from them, or assist in case it is necessary. Forging lasting relations is crucial in boosting corporate image and boosting profitability. According to Kotler, consumers categorize products and internalize them in their minds. This is what both companies have used to their advantage by clarifying them and terming them as superiorities. When a consumer notices a company which puts their categories into consideration, they opt for that. These differences might be a small as size or coloring but they can be the deciding factor for a consumer. Physically, Coca Cola has remained the same for a long time. The company chose to stick with the original style in styling the logo since they believe change might not work for them. PepsiCo on the other hand are a dynamic lot with their product having undergone many changes over the years. This shows a belief in the changes that society itself undergoes and the dynamic nature associated with such goods. Another distinct difference between the two is the choice of icon in marketing. Coca Cola Company uses a bottle, which has been the icon of the company for a long time. This dates back from the late 1800s, when the first symbols were forwarded for use as the company icon. PepsiCo has no distinct icon that can be termed as its marketing symbol. Coca Cola Company bought Columbia pictures, a motion picture company, to bolster its advertising campaigns making them more personalized and cheaper to produce. This advertising strategy worked quite well until Columbia pictures stated incurring losses prompting its parent company to sell it off. PepsiCo never bought a film Company to better its marketing efforts but still went on to become a stiff competitor to Coca Cola. In their advertising activities and public relations, PepsiCo have found themselves in positions where under hand activities were the only solution. They used such in the form of ridiculing advertisements and tasting competitions. Coca Cola on the other hand have always relied on the full name their brand enjoys and popularity of their soft drinks, never on shadow tactics. This ensures their continued success in this industry. In running their Coke side of life advertisement campaign, Coca Cola came across as an original as was reported in a survey that followed its launch. PepsiCo failed in their use of an attractive woman, which came across as being a bit common. Had they chosen another plot in their Max your life campaign, maybe revenues would have soared over Coca Colas. This strategy of Coca Cola, where they use catchy yet original advertisements, has seen them surpass their rival often. During occasions where significant sports are taking place, both countries usually choose different strategies to market themselves. During the 2006 soccer world cup, for example, PepsiCo chose to use a soccer star in their campaign. On the other hand, Coca Cola, decided to utilize a new bottle design in order to boost consumption of their soft drinks during this important affair. While both companies have a strong presence in sponsoring sports and games, PepsiCo exhibits some sought of bias in their sponsorship deals. Coca Cola on the other hand have thoroughly diversified their deals to incorporate both genders in many parts of the world participating in various disciplines. A few notable examples that come to mind with respect to Coca Cola are the 2002 and 2006 FIFA World Cups, the FIFA Womens World Cups in 1993 and 2003 and the FIFA U-17 Championships in 2005. In conclusion, Coca Cola has identified China as the focus of its future expansion and growth plans. With a population exceeding 1 billion, and the fact that it is one of the fastest rising economies in the world, mean that many international companies have intentions of permeating this potentially lucrative market. Coca Cola already has three plants and has earmarked additional 2billion US dollars for investment in China.

Software Patents and Copyright Laws Destroy Free Competition Essay

Software Patents and Copyright Laws Destroy Free Competition Introduction If Haydn had patented "a symphony, characterized by that sound is produced [ in extended sonata form ]", Mozart would have been in trouble. Patent - a writing securing to an inventor for a term of years the exclusive right to make, use, or sell an invention; or it may be the monopoly or right so granted[i]. The traditional rationale for patents is that protection of inventions will spur innovation and aid in the dissemination of information about technical advances. By prohibiting others from copying an invention, patents allow inventors to recoup their investment in development while at the same time revealing the workings of the new invention to the public. Absolute Monopoly - this is what it means! The people who have come up with the idea of protecting the innovation and so called rewards to the innovators never thought that what it may mean to the corporations and how it will kill the innovation in the software industry. As Stallman said â€Å"Software patents are a danger that affects all programmers and all computer users. I found out about them of course in working on Free Software because they are a danger to my project as well as to every other software project in the world.[ii]† I truly agree with Stallman’s view of the Patent. Now a day the number of patents is growing exponentially and due to open trade (software specially) internationally the patent law of one country is influencing the law in the other. Country like India where the software industry is growing at a tremendous pace and the US companies generate most of the business, people in India may advocate a law similar to US. Right now the state of the law is much stricter th... ... [i] Merriam-Webster online dictionary [ii] Stallman’s speech at Model Engineering College : The Danger of Software Patents [iii] Software Patent in US, Japan and Europe. [iv] Questions on software patentability in US and Europe. [v] NewsFactor Network (04/15/03); Brockmeier, Joe [vi] Sequential Innovation, Patents and Imitation [vii] New York Times, Sunday, December 14, 2003 [viii] NASSCOM, India. [ix] PCT Newsletter [x] Software Patent in India. [xi] MANUAL OF PATENT PRACTICE & PROCEDURE [xii] Salient Features of The Indian Patents [xiii] Technology Information, Forecasting & Assessment Council [xiv] Linux Today – Boycott Amazon! [xv] Forbes [xvi] GNU – About Free Software [xvii] Software Patents [xviii] http://swpat.ffii.org/news/03/intel1211/index.en.html [xix] http://lpf.ai.mit.edu/Patents/knuth-to-pto.txt

Attribution Theory Essay

No creature in this planet can exercise the faculty of reason as much as we human persons do. As rational beings, we normally engage in an array of activities which require critical thinking or thoughtful consideration. At least for those who are fortunate to be gifted with normal bodily functions, it is axiomatic to suppose that we human persons are expected to put reason to everything that we do. For instance, we do not wake up at two in the morning and prepare to go to school simply for no reason whatsoever. In a manner of speaking, the faculty of human reason allows us to do things on account of some reasonable purposes. The way we make sense or put reason to almost everything that surrounds us makes us, more than anything else, human persons by right of logic and supposition.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Reading through the article â€Å"The Attribution Theory†, I am able to even more affirm the fundamental tendency of human reason to seek for explanation of things. Therein I was able to learn that the theory of Attribution draws from the basic supposition that human reason so naturally tends to seek for explanation to things. This, in many ways, is intricately knitted to the logic underneath the principle of causality, which basically assumes that our minds try hard to grapple for sufficient explanations to help us make sense of everything that happens. The theory of Attribution is no less different in that, like the principle of causality, it too tries to seek for an adequate explanation of things. All things considered, it can enable us to peek into the seemingly insatiable desire of human persons to seek explanation for things.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Secondly, the article also made me realize how potent, nay, powerful human reason can become. In the article, it cites a number of studies that were done so as demonstrate the efficacy of the theory. The mainline thesis is to show that the theory of Attribution, especially when it is internally reinforced, can produce behavioral changes to a person or groups of persons. The article even notes that when people tend to attribute certain events as directly stemming from their personal involvement, it produces significant behavioral changes. When for instance, a person is repeatedly introduced to the idea, say, that his or her high grades are attributable to the painstaking but admirable effort he pours into his studies, it creates a personal belief system that appear to cater to such reinforcements. This means that a person who is able to embrace a belief that his or her efforts serve him or her well in the process will normally become motivated to study on his or her own. This displays, more than anything else, the power of human reason to translate personal belief systems into tangible behavioral patterns.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   But reading through the article also made me feel a bit cautious as well. If through the theory of Attribution we can make people â€Å"create new attitudes or beliefs or behaviors depending upon the explanation they make†, then it behooves us to proceed with much care in reinforcing beliefs on them (The Attribution Theory). Surely, we cannot allow people to think negatively about themselves, especially on issues which may involve anger, grief, guilt, among others. As indeed, we cannot let people believe that some tragic moments in life, which can happen beyond our control, are internally attributable to their doings just the same. If we truly want to create an empowered individual by applying the theory of Attribution, then it is only justified that we ought to inculcate positive reinforcements on to everyone so as to create positive avenues for behavioral changes. Along the same vein, we must always help protect people from creating a monster out of internal belief-systems, which, on the final analysis, can eventually, nay only translate to ill-natured and unfortunate behaviors. Work Cited â€Å"The Theory of Attribution†, SBB: 1996. Retrieved 10 September 2008,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     

Written Performance Concept

Written Performance Concept Play: Translations As a director, I want to emphasise the concept of a forbidden romance which is the essential theme of the play. So in my duologue, it was important to remember my directorial intentions throughout in order for the audience to understand the complexity of the situation. ‘Translations’ was written by the Irish playwright Brian Friel in 1980, however, it is set in the 19th century in it fictional town on Baile Beag.Brian Friel stated that ‘Translations’ is â€Å"a play about language and only about language† but it deals with a wide range of issues, stretching from language and communication to cultural imperialism. He based it in Ireland due to the fluidity of the Irish language and to make it harder for literal translation, as David Grant explains â€Å"The very nature of translation is so delicate, so unpredictable, that the only practical solution was to explore ideas in practice on the rehearsal room f loor. Historical elements relevant to inform my embodiment of role would be the English’s role in taking over Ireland in the 1930’s, as most Irish were reduced to near poverty whereas the English had masses of wealth. Also, they planned to take everything of Irish importance away, such as lessons in school only being taught in English when over half of the population spoke Gaelic. To demonstrate the fact we are in a field, not many props are used except a bale of hay we use for me to sit on and state â€Å"the grass must be wet, my feet are soaking. We decided to set it in a field as it has to be somewhere away from civilisation where no one will catch them. We are also using and Irish folk music track at the start to set the scene for the audience and give them a sense that they are in agricultural Ireland. In order to further shape and influence my character, I undertook some drama exercises to develop a deeper understanding of my character. An example would be non- verbal communication exercises where we would run through the scene once; they go through it only with the use of facial expression, proxemics and gestures.This helped me develop a joyful, but at times confused and frustrated facial expressions, for example on the line â€Å"What-What? † after Yolland states â€Å"Yes, I know your Marie, of course I know your Marie, I mean I have been watching you night and day for the past†¦Ã¢â‚¬  even though I don’t understand what he is saying, I should be able to recognize he is complimenting or saying something beautiful though facial expressions and gestures.Also to be more aware of my proxemics and levels so I don’t look superior or upright in any way and my gestures to be soft and calming, not rigid and stiff. Hot seating also helped me as we got an in depth analysis of my character and a deeper understanding of what their objectives may be is several different parts of the play. An example of this would be to ask Marie the question â€Å"How did you feel when you met George for the first time? † This helped me with my tone and voice to my subtle, sweet and lyrical.We also have to portray the hesitance between Yolland and Marie as there love isn’t only frowned upon in society because there statuses in society are at two totally different ends of the spectrum, but the love triangle between Manus, Yolland and Marie is a very problematic one. This further adds pressure to the situation and I need to be able to portray this awkwardness and lack of understanding for the audience to be able to fully connect with us as people. I also want the audience to feel empathy for our circumstances.

Design Document - Learner and Contextual Analysis

Design Document - Learner and Contextual Analysis Learner Characteristics PAGE PAGE 10Design Document - Learner and Contextual AnalysisNova Southeastern UniversityFebruary 16, 2007Table of ContentsLearner Characteristics . . . . . . .. . 3-6Contextual Analysis . . . . . . .. .7-8Conducting a Contextual Analysis..9Reference . . . . .. 10Learner CharacteristicsThe Purpose of conducting this learner analysis is to discover why different learning styles work. For many years, educators noticed that some students prefer certain methods of learning to others. These traits, referred to as learning styles, form a student's unique learning preference and aid teachers in the planning of small-group and individualized instruction. If optimal student learning is dependent on learning styles, and these styles vary between distance and equivalent on-campus students, then faculty should be aware of these differences and alter their preparation and instructional methods accordingly. It is important to pay attention to learner characteristics because not every person is t he same.A chart used to identify the learning styles of pe...Just as people differ in many respects, so do the ways in which they learn (Morrison, Ross, Kemp, 2007 p. 54). When teaching students or creating a curriculum one must try to incorporate as many learning styles as possible to accommodate each student or learner. It would be a good idea to find out about the needs of each learner and what they expect to learn. A teacher must be aware that there are different learning styles and be prepared to accommodate them.The idea that people learn differently is venerable and probably had its origin with the ancient Greeks (Wratcher, Morrison, Riley Scheirton, 1997). Educators have, for many years, noticed that some students prefer certain methods of learning to others. These dispositions, referred to as learning styles, form a student's unique learning preference and aid teachers in the...

Islamophobia. How Is It An Issue In The Workplace Research Paper

Islamophobia. How Is It An Issue In The Workplace - Research Paper Example Islamophobia is an up-coming proportional notion in the social sciences. However, there is no acknowledged meaning of Islamophobia; therefore, it can be relevant to any censure of Islamic activities. Conversely, Islamophobia is not a new movement; however, several Muslim communities encounter increased aggression that is portraying mistrust, deep-rooted intolerance, and ignorance. Regardless its discrimination and intolerance, Islamophobia remains and infringement of human rights and threatens social cohesion. Islamophobia, an intense or illogical fear of all Islamic people is high in the western countries as Muslims are perceived to be a solitary nation that does not identify and reverence precincts set up by western culture and administration. Also, some government representatives like Tony Blair of Britain in 2005 described Sharia laws as a malevolent philosophy, leading further to Muslims being viewed as ‘others’ and as ‘enemies’ in communities that once co-existed peacefully. This statement receded Britain’s view of being a multi racial, ethnic and religious nation. In this paper, the researcher will provide a theoretical framework of Islamophobia and how affects the workplace and its implications towards Human resource (Allen 130) The west has different moral and ethical codes compared to countries run with Islamic culture. Especially on mass media moral principles, most processes and practices are based on the advertising mechanisms and sales standards. Several media houses are deeply rooted on western ideologies and philosophies. The west civil liberties, responsibilities, liberty, and guidelines of the press slightly differ from Islamic governed countries and that is why the western media views some of their cultures, for example, towards women as oppressive and as denial of some of the basic human rights. The background information of the Islamic culture Islam is a monotheistic faith made known through Prophet Muhammad , Allah’s prophet; in fact, it is regarded a major global religious conviction. In addition, the Islamic religion is the second largest religion, growing at a high speed alongside Christianity. It is estimated that, of every five people on earth, one of them is a Muslim (Heinz 103). Most Europeans who have travelled through Muslim societies have depicted Muslim women as oppressed by their men that they are victims both sexually and as the weak sex. Likewise, the media have portrayed women as an allurement showing how they have been victimized and perplexed. On the other hand, Muslim men have been viewed by western countries as barbaric, sexists and terrorists. Therefore, Islamic beliefs and culture have become more scrutinized especially after 9/11, citing their prayers and wearing of hijabs as Islamic fundamentalism. Therefore, discrepancies have risen based on how societies have seen Muslims. This has made people afraid to have Muslims as neighbors. In addition, at the airp orts or in a plane, Muslims and people of Arabic origin are looked at suspiciously leading to stigmatization, seclusion, and even being biased towards Muslims (Williams 4). The society has perceived Muslims as evil doers. To some extent, Muslims are being persecuted for their choice of the way of life/religious beliefs. Undeniably, that is a wrong influence on how to view the Islamic culture and its followers. This is because views expressed by the Islamic extremists that do not necessarily represent the views and perception of Islam as a whole. These extreme activists, most of them being Middle Eastern Muslims have been waging war in western countries through terrorism. The Qur’an states that, during times of ignorance, people worshipped idols as a way of staying

Reading and Writing Skills Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Reading and Writing Skills - Essay Example The book "Rereading America† was very helpful to me. The essay â€Å"Learning to read† by Malcolm X was very inspiring. Malcolm X explained how he learned to read despite the challenging conditions he faced in life. I liked the way he struggled to learn how to read and write. He claimed, â€Å"I had commanded attention when I said something. But now, trying to write simple English, I not only wasn’t articulate, I wasn’t even functional†.His struggle in jail as he tried to learn how to read and write was a great challenge to me. At least, I had helpful and understanding lecturers, friends, as well as useful reading and writing materials. At first, he started by copying everything in the first page of the book he got into his tablet, including the punctuation marks. He went on copying the contents of the dictionary in his tablet, and after some time, he started making meaningful progress. He claimed that after so much practice in writing, he gained up writing speed. I have copied the same idea and I write a lot to improve my writing skills. I believe that I have learned a lot of writing skills. The only challenging part is that I have not yet gained the full understanding of all the vocabulary in the English world. I still need more work to understand the underlying meanings of some of the complicated words. The essay by Jonathan Kozol â€Å"Still ‘separate, still unequal† was the most challenging piece of reading, yet most educative.... The essay by Jonathan Kozol â€Å"Still ‘separate, still unequal† was the most challenging piece of reading, yet most educative. It is undeniable that Kozol gave an extensive research on the status of education in America by exploring the different society issues which affect the education system. Most of his facts in the essay were illustrated with statistical figures. I learned that in order to make a strong point and to be convictive to the readers, facts represented using statistical figures could be very efficient. It is true that the education system in America is changing for the better, but for the times of Kozol, things were out of proportion. He claimed, â€Å"Even these statistics, as stark as they are, cannot begin to convey how deeply isolated children in the poorest and most segregated sections of these cities have become† (Colombo, Cullen & Lisle, 2010, p. 219). The piece of work really developed the title of his work. Indeed, he presented the image of the society just the way it was. Racial segregation and discrimination were the most difficult society issues at the time. Perhaps, the same still remains in some regions. The most luxurious privatized learning institutions serve the whites, whereas the low-end learning institutions serve the less privileged black Americans in the American society. Although the learning environments may be different, I have learned from Malcolm X that determination is what matters most. It is possible to go to privatized luxurious institution and fail or attend a low-class learning institution and become successful depending on your attitude, focus, and commitment to education. I read this essay several times and I feel that it